Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 9 June 2015

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09 June 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               Species interactions determine the spatial mortality patterns emerging in plant communities after extreme events ▶     Jinbao Liao, Jan Bogaert, Ivan Nijs     Gap disturbance is assumed to maintain species diversity by creating environmental heterogeneity. However, little is known about how interactions with neighbours, such as …             Mitochondrial Genomes of Giant Deers Suggest their Late Survival in Central Europe ▶     Alexander Immel, Dorothée G. Drucker, Marion Bonazzi et al.     The giant deer Megaloceros giganteus is among the most fascinating Late Pleistocene Eurasian megafauna that became extinct at the end of the last ice age. Important questions …             Functional Identification of Target by Expression Proteomics (FITExP) reveals protein targets and highlights mechanisms of action of small molecule drugs ▶     Alexey Chernobrovkin, Consuelo Marin-Vicente, Neus Visa et al.     Phenomenological screening of small molecule libraries for anticancer activity yields potentially interesting candidate molecules, with a bottleneck in the determination of drug …             Relationship between differentially expressed mRNA and mRNA-protein correlations in a xenograft model system ▶     Antonis Koussounadis, Simon P. Langdon, In Hwa Um et al.     Differential mRNA expression studies implicitly assume that changes in mRNA expression have biological meaning, most likely mediated by corresponding changes in protein levels. …             Epigenetic memory gained by priming with osteogenic induction medium improves osteogenesis and other properties of mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Yunfeng Rui, Liangliang Xu, Rui Chen et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are highly plastic cells that are able to transdifferentiate or dedifferentiate under appropriate conditions. In the present study, we reported here …             Intracerebroventricular administration of leptin increase physical activity but has no effect on thermogenesis in cold-acclimated rats ▶     Gang-Bin Tang, Xiang-Fang Tang, Kui Li et al.     Most small homotherms display low leptin level in response to chronic cold exposure. Cold-induced hypoleptinemia was proved to induce hyperphagia. However, it is still not clear …             Maternal zinc deficiency during pregnancy elevates the risks of fetal growth restriction: a population-based birth cohort study ▶     Hua Wang, Yong-Fang Hu, Jia-Hu Hao et al.     We investigated the association between maternal zinc level during pregnancy and the risks of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants in a large …             Attolitre-sized lipid bilayer chamber array for rapid detection of single transporters ▶     Naoki Soga, Rikiya Watanabe, Hiroyuki Noji     We present an attolitre-sized arrayed lipid bilayer chamber system (aL-ALBiC) for rapid and massively parallel single-molecule assay of membrane transporter activity. Because of …             Cell proliferation by silk gut incorporating FGF-2 protein microcrystals ▶     Eiji Kotani, Naoto Yamamoto, Isao Kobayashi et al.     Silk gut processed from the silk glands of the silkworm could be an ideal biodegradable carrier for cell growth factors. We previously demonstrated that polyhedra, microcrystals …             Novel PI3K/AKT targeting anti-angiogenic activities of 4-vinylphenol, a new therapeutic potential of a well-known styrene metabolite ▶     Grace Gar-Lee Yue, Julia Kin-Ming Lee, Hin-Fai Kwok et al.     The pneumo- and hepato-toxicity of 4-vinylphenol (4VP), a styrene metabolite, has been previously reported. Nevertheless, the present study reported the novel anti-angiogenic …             The Clinical Features and Bacteriological Characterizations of Bone and Joint Tuberculosis in China ▶     Su-Ting Chen, Li-Ping Zhao, Wei-Jie Dong et al.     Bone and Joint tuberculosis (BJTB) constitutes about 10% of total extra-pulmonary TB cases. Since the BJTB is a paucibacillary condition, there has been no systematic study on …             Biomimetic Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Type I Collagen with Intermediate Precursors-loaded Mesoporous Carriers ▶     Wei Zhang, Xiao-juan Luo, Li-na Niu et al.     Limited continuous replenishment of the mineralization medium is a restriction for in-situ solution-based remineralization of hypomineralized body tissues. Here, we report a …             Biorealistic cardiac cell culture platforms with integrated monitoring of extracellular action potentials ▶     Tatiana Trantidou, Cesare M. Terracciano, Dimitrios Kontziampasis et al.     Current platforms for in vitro drug development utilize confluent, unorganized monolayers of heart cells to study the effect on action potential propagation. However, standard …             Mutational Analysis of Intracellular Loops Identify Cross Talk with Nucleotide Binding Domains of Yeast ABC Transporter Cdr1p ▶     Abdul Haseeb Shah, Manpreet Kaur Rawal, Sanjiveeni Dhamgaye et al.     The ABC transporter Cdr1 protein (Cdr1p) of Candida albicans, which plays a major role in antifungal resistance, has two transmembrane domains (TMDs) and two nucleotide binding …             Contrasting environmental drivers of adult and juvenile growth in a marine fish: implications for the effects of climate change ▶     Joyce Jia Lin Ong, Adam Nicholas Rountrey, Jessica Jane Meeuwig et al.     Many marine fishes have life history strategies that involve ontogenetic changes in the use of coastal habitats. Such ontogenetic shifts may place these species at particular …             Dietary proanthocyanidins modulate BMAL1 acetylation, Nampt expression and NAD levels in rat liver ▶     Aleix Ribas-Latre, Laura Baselga-Escudero, Ester Casanova et al.     Metabolism follows circadian rhythms, which are driven by peripheral clocks. Clock genes in the liver are entrained by daytime meals and food components. Proanthocyanidins (PAs), …             Estimating variability in grain legume yields across Europe and the Americas ▶     Charles Cernay, Tamara Ben-Ari, Elise Pelzer et al.     Grain legume production in Europe has recently come under scrutiny. Although legume crops are often promoted to provide environmental services, European farmers tend to turn to …             Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Progenitors Assist Functional Sensory Axon Regeneration after Dorsal Root Avulsion Injury ▶     Jan Hoeber, Carl Trolle, Niclas Konig et al.     Dorsal root avulsion results in permanent impairment of sensory functions due to disconnection between the peripheral and central nervous system. Improved strategies are …             The actions of neurotensin in rat bladder detrusor contractility ▶     Xingyou Dong, Xinyu Bai, Jiang Zhao et al.     This study assessed the expression, distribution and function of neurotensin (NTs) and two main neurotensin receptors (NTSR), NTSR1 and NTSR2 in normal rat urinary bladders. NTs …             Nodulation Characterization and Proteomic Profiling of Bradyrhizobium liaoningense CCBAU05525 in Response to Water-Soluble Humic Materials ▶     Tong Guo Gao, Yuan Yuan Xu, Feng Jiang et al.     The lignite biodegradation procedure to produce water-soluble humic materials (WSHM) with a Penicillium stain was established by previous studies in our laboratory. This study …             Biological determinants of bladder cancer gene expression subtypes ▶     Mattias Aine, Pontus Eriksson, Fredrik Liedberg et al.     Molecular stratification of tumors by gene expression profiling has been applied to a large number of human malignancies and holds great promise for personalized treatment. …             Physical supports from liver cancer cells are essential for differentiation and remodeling of endothelial cells in a HepG2-HUVEC co-culture model ▶     Geraldine Giap Ying Chiew, Afu Fu, Kar Perng Low et al.     Blood vessel remodeling is crucial in tumor growth. Growth factors released by tumor cells and endothelium-extracellular matrix interactions are highlighted in tumor …             Bayesian-based deconvolution fluorescence microscopy using dynamically updated nonstationary expectation estimates ▶     Alexander Wong, Xiao Yu Wang, Maud Gorbet     Fluorescence microscopy is widely used for the study of biological specimens. Deconvolution can significantly improve the resolution and contrast of images produced using …             Non-coding RNAs derived from an alternatively spliced REST transcript (REST-003) regulate breast cancer invasiveness ▶     Nan Sook Lee, Oleg V. Evgrafov, Tade Souaiaia et al.     RE1-Silencing Transcription factor (REST) has a well-established role in regulating transcription of genes important for neuronal development. Its role in cancer, though …             Ultra-sensitive protein detection via Single Molecule Arrays towards early stage cancer monitoring ▶     Stephanie M. Schubert, Lisa M. Arendt, Wenhui Zhou et al.     The early diagnosis of cancers and continued monitoring of tumor growth would be greatly facilitated by the development of a blood-based, non-invasive, screening technique for …             Course of neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia: Relationship with negative symptoms and cognitive performances ▶     Raymond C. K. Chan, Fu-lei Geng, Simon S. Y. Lui et al.     This prospective study examined the course of neurological soft signs (NSS) in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and its relationship with negative symptoms and cognitive …             Structural and Dynamic Features of F-recruitment Site Driven Substrate Phosphorylation by ERK2 ▶     Andrea Piserchio, Venkatesh Ramakrishan, Hsin Wang et al.     The F-recruitment site (FRS) of active ERK2 binds F-site (Phe-x-Phe-Pro) sequences found downstream of the Ser/Thr phospho-acceptor on cellular substrates. Here we apply NMR …             Do nuclear-encoded core subunits of mitochondrial complex I confer genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia in Han Chinese populations? ▶     Xiao Li, Wen Zhang, Jinsong Tang et al.     Schizophrenia is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders with complex genetic etiology. Accumulating evidence suggests that energy metabolism and oxidative stress play …             Evolution of extreme stomach pH in bilateria inferred from gastric alkalization mechanisms in basal deuterostomes ▶     Meike Stumpp, Marian Y. Hu, Yung-Che Tseng et al.     The stomachs of most vertebrates operate at an acidic pH of 2 generated by the gastric H+/K+-ATPase located in parietal cells. The acidic pH in stomachs of vertebrates is …             Alpha or beta human chorionic gonadotropin knockdown decrease BeWo cell fusion by down-regulating PKA and CREB activation ▶     Sudha Saryu Malhotra, Pankaj Suman, Satish Kumar Gupta     The aim of the present study is to delineate the role of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in trophoblast fusion. In this direction, using shRNA lentiviral particles, α- and …             Software-aided automatic laser optoporation and transfection of cells ▶     Hans Georg Breunig, Aisada Uchugonova, Ana Batista et al.     Optoporation, the permeabilization of a cell membrane by laser pulses, has emerged as a powerful non-invasive and highly efficient technique to induce transfection of cells. …             Internalization of silver nanoparticles into mouse spermatozoa results in poor fertilization and compromised embryo development ▶     Ton Yoisungnern, Yun-Jung Choi, Jae Woong Han et al.     Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have many features that make them attractive as medical devices, especially in therapeutic agents and drug delivery systems. Here we have introduced …             A Sweet Spot for Molecular Diagnostics: Coupling Isothermal Amplification and Strand Exchange Circuits to Glucometers ▶     Yan Du, Randall A. Hughes, Sanchita Bhadra et al.     Strand exchange nucleic acid circuitry can be used to transduce isothermal nucleic acid amplification products into signals that can be readable on an off-the-shelf glucometer. …             Metabolic engineering for the high-yield production of isoprenoid-based C5 alcohols in E. coli ▶     Kevin W. George, Mitchell G. Thompson, Aram Kang et al.     Branched five carbon (C5) alcohols are attractive targets for microbial production due to their desirable fuel properties and importance as platform chemicals. In this study, we …             Rapamycin protects against gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury via autophagy in mini-pig models ▶     Jing Cui, Xue-Yuan Bai, Xuefeng Sun et al.     Gentamicin may cause acute kidney injury. The pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is unclear. Autophagy is a highly conserved physiological process involved in removing …             Exploring the Effects of Different Types of Surfactants on Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae ▶     Yanan Wang, Yuan Zhang, Xu Li et al.     Currently, surfactants are widely distributed in the environment. As organic pollutants, their toxicities have drawn extensive attention. In this study, the effects of anionic …             Direct Evidence for Vision-based Control of Flight Speed in Budgerigars ▶     Ingo Schiffner, Mandyam V. Srinivasan     We have investigated whether, and, if so, how birds use vision to regulate the speed of their flight. Budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus, were filmed in 3-D using high-speed …             Better you lose than I do: neural networks involved in winning and losing in a real time strictly competitive game ▶     Mikhail Votinov, Juergen Pripfl, Christian Windischberger et al.     Many situations in daily life require competing with others for the same goal. In this case, the joy of winning is tied to the fact that the rival suffers. In this fMRI study …             Radiomic feature clusters and Prognostic Signatures specific for Lung and Head & Neck cancer ▶     Chintan Parmar, Ralph T. H. Leijenaar, Patrick Grossmann et al.     Radiomics provides a comprehensive quantification of tumor phenotypes by extracting and mining large number of quantitative image features. To reduce the redundancy and compare …             DNA double-strand breaks alter the spatial arrangement of homologous loci in plant cells ▶     Takeshi Hirakawa, Yohei Katagiri, Tadashi Ando et al.     Chromatin dynamics and arrangement are involved in many biological processes in nuclei of eukaryotes including plants. Plants have to respond rapidly to various environmental …             The Evolutionary History of R2R3-MYB Proteins Across 50 Eukaryotes: New Insights Into Subfamily Classification and Expansion ▶     Hai Du, Zhe Liang, Sen Zhao et al.     R2R3-MYB proteins (2R-MYBs) are one of the main transcription factor families in higher plants. Since the evolutionary history of this gene family across the eukaryotic kingdom …             A novel Monoclonal Antibody against Notch1 Targets Leukemia-associated Mutant Notch1 and Depletes Therapy Resistant Cancer Stem Cells in Solid Tumors ▶     Ankur Sharma, Rupali A Gadkari, Satthenapalli V Ramakanth et al.     Higher Notch signaling is known to be associated with hematological and solid cancers. We developed a potential immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for the …             A minimally invasive, lentiviral based method for the rapid and sustained genetic manipulation of renal tubules ▶     Judit Espana-Agusti, David A. Tuveson, David J. Adams et al.     The accelerated discovery of disease-related genes emerging from genomic studies has strained the capacity of traditional genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) to provide …             Mutual Information between Discrete Variables with Many Categories using Recursive Adaptive Partitioning ▶     Junhee Seok, Yeong Seon Kang     Mutual information, a general measure of the relatedness between two random variables, has been actively used in the analysis of biomedical data. The mutual information between …             In vivo imaging of CREB phosphorylation in awake-mouse brain ▶     Tetsuya Ishimoto, Hiroki Mano, Hisashi Mori     The cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) is a phosphorylation-dependent transcription factor that plays important roles in memory consolidation …             Efficient in vitro generation of functional thymic epithelial progenitors from human embryonic stem cells ▶     Min Su, Rong Hu, Jingjun Jin et al.     Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are the major components of the thymic microenvironment for T cell development. TECs are derived from thymic epithelial progenitors (TEPs). It has …             Fission yeast mitochondria are distributed by dynamic microtubules in a motor-independent manner ▶     Tianpeng Li, Fan Zheng, Martin Cheung et al.     The cytoskeleton plays a critical role in regulating mitochondria distribution. Similar to axonal mitochondria, the fission yeast mitochondria are distributed by the microtubule …             Targeted disruption of a single sex pheromone receptor gene completely abolishes in vivo pheromone response in the silkmoth ▶     Takeshi Sakurai, Hidefumi Mitsuno, Akihisa Mikami et al.     Male moths use species-specific sex pheromones to identify and orientate toward conspecific females. Odorant receptors (ORs) for sex pheromone substances have been identified as …             Varied Probability of Staying Collapsed/Extended at the Conformational Equilibrium of Monomeric Aβ40 and Aβ42 ▶     Wanling Song, Yuanyuan Wang, Jacques-Philippe Colletier et al.     In present study, we set out to investigate the conformation dynamics of Aβ40 and Aβ42 through exploring the impact of intra-molecular interactions on conformation dynamics using …             In vivo quantification of cochlin in glaucomatous DBA/2J mice using optical coherence tomography ▶     Jianhua Wang, Ayman Aljohani, Teresia Carreon et al.     The expression of cochlin in the trabecular meshwork (TM) precedes the clinical glaucoma symptoms in DBA/2J mice. The ability to quantify cochlin in the local tissue (TM) offers …             Gradual reduction in rRNA transcription triggers p53 acetylation and apoptosis via MYBBP1A ▶     Takuya Kumazawa, Kazuho Nishimura, Naohiro Katagiri et al.     The nucleolus, whose primary function is ribosome biogenesis, plays an essential role in p53 activation. Ribosome biogenesis is inhibited in response to cellular stress and …             The pericyte as a cellular regulator of penile erection and a novel therapeutic target for erectile dysfunction ▶     Guo Nan Yin, Nando Dulal Das, Min Ji Choi et al.     Pericytes are known to play critical roles in vascular development and homeostasis. However, the distribution of cavernous pericytes and their roles in penile erection is …             Phenotypic diversity within a Pseudomonas aeruginosa population infecting an adult with cystic fibrosis ▶     Shawn T. Clark, Julio Diaz Caballero, Mary Cheang et al.     Chronic airway infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa contribute to the progression of pulmonary disease in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). In the setting of CF, …             Noninvasive imaging of sialyltransferase activity in living cells by chemoselective recognition ▶     Lei Bao, Lin Ding, Min Yang et al.     To elucidate the biological and pathological functions of sialyltransferases (STs), intracellular ST activity evaluation is necessary. Focusing on the lack of noninvasive methods …             Defective pollen wall contributes to male sterility in the male sterile line 1355A of cotton ▶     Yuanlong Wu, Ling Min, Zancheng Wu et al.     To understand the mechanisms of male sterility in cotton (Gossypium spp.), combined histological, biochemical and transcription analysis using RNA-Seq was carried out in the …             Chromosome-level genome map provides insights into diverse defense mechanisms in the medicinal fungus Ganoderma sinense ▶     Yingjie Zhu, Jiang Xu, Chao Sun et al.     Fungi have evolved powerful genomic and chemical defense systems to protect themselves against genetic destabilization and other organisms. However, the precise molecular basis …             A new strategy for controlling invasive weeds: selecting valuable native plants to defeat them ▶     Weihua Li, Jianning Luo, Xingshan Tian et al.     To explore replacement control of the invasive weed Ipomoea cairica, we studied the competitive effects of two valuable natives, Pueraria lobata and Paederia scandens, on growth …             Massage-like stroking boosts the immune system in mice ▶     Benjamin Major, Lorenza Rattazzi, Samuel Brod et al.     Recent clinical evidence suggests that the therapeutic effect of massage involves the immune system and that this can be exploited as an adjunct therapy together with standard …             Global Spatio-temporal Patterns of Influenza in the Post-pandemic Era ▶     Daihai He, Roger Lui, Lin Wang et al.     We study the global spatio-temporal patterns of influenza dynamics. This is achieved by analysing and modelling weekly laboratory confirmed cases of influenza A and B from 138 …             The HAB1 PP2C is inhibited by ABA-dependent PYL10 interaction ▶     Juan Li, Chaowei Shi, Demeng Sun et al.     PYL10 is a monomeric abscisic acid (ABA) receptor that inhibits protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) activity in Arabidopsis thaliana. Previous studies reported that the PP2C …             Membrane proximal ectodomain cleavage of MUC16 occurs in the acidifying Golgi/post-Golgi compartments ▶     Srustidhar Das, Prabin D. Majhi, Mona H. Al-Mugotir et al.     MUC16, precursor of the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker CA125, is up regulated in multiple malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis. While the pro-tumorigenic …             Evidence for Autoinduction and Quorum Sensing in White Band Disease-Causing Microbes on Acropora cervicornis ▶     Rebecca H. Certner, Steven V. Vollmer     Coral reefs have entered a state of global decline party due to an increasing incidence of coral disease. However, the diversity and complexity of coral-associated bacterial …             Characterization of Adelphocoris suturalis (Hemiptera: Miridae) Transcriptome from Different Developmental Stages ▶     Caihong Tian, Wee Tek Tay, Hongqiang Feng et al.     Adelphocoris suturalis is one of the most serious pest insects of Bt cotton in China, however its molecular genetics, biochemistry and physiology are poorly understood. We used …             The mechanism for exclusion of Pinus massoniana during the succession in subtropical forest ecosystems: light competition or stoichiometric homoeostasis? ▶     Junhua Yan, Kun Li, Xingju Peng et al.     Competition for light has traditionally been considered as the main mechanism for exclusion of Pinus massoniana during succession in subtropical forest ecosystems. However, both …             Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane may not cause learning and memory deficits and behavioral abnormality in the childhood of Cynomolgus monkeys ▶     Lisheng Zhou, Zhi Wang, Hui Zhou et al.     Results of animal studies have raised a significant concern that commonly used general anesthetics may induce neurotoxicity in children. It may be difficult to resolve this …             Real-time estimation of paracellular permeability of cerebral endothelial cells by capacitance sensor array ▶     Dong Hyun Jo, Rimi Lee, Jin Hyoung Kim et al.     Vascular integrity is important in maintaining homeostasis of brain microenvironments. In various brain diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis, …             EGCG regulates the cross-talk between JWA and topoisomerase IIα in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells ▶     Yuan Li, Xin Shen, Xueming Wang et al.     (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a well-known cancer chemopreventive agent. The potential mechanisms include regulation of multiple molecules. Carcinogenesis in lung …             An effective plasma membrane proteomics approach for small tissue samples ▶     Katrien Smolders, Nathalie Lombaert, Dirk Valkenborg et al.     Advancing the quest for new drug targets demands the development of innovative plasma membrane proteome research strategies applicable to small, functionally defined tissue …             Signal honesty and predation risk among a closely related group of aposematic species ▶     Lina María Arenas, Dominic Walter, Martin Stevens     Many animals have bright colours to warn predators that they have defences and are not worth attacking. However, it remains unclear whether the strength of warning colours …             Enhancing the antimicrobial activity of natural extraction using the synthetic ultrasmall metal nanoparticles ▶     Huanhuan Li, Quansheng Chen, Jiewen Zhao et al.     The use of Catechin as an antibacterial agent is becoming ever-more common, whereas unstable and easy oxidation, have limited its application. A simple and low-energy-consuming …             Systemic high-mobility group box 1 administration suppresses skin inflammation by inducing an accumulation of PDGFRα+ mesenchymal cells from bone marrow ▶     Eriko Aikawa, Ryo Fujita, Yasushi Kikuchi et al.     High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) mobilizes platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-positive (PDGFRα+) mesenchymal cells from bone marrow (BM) into circulation. However, …             Large expansion of CTG•CAG repeats is exacerbated by MutSβ in human cells ▶     Rie Nakatani, Masayuki Nakamori, Harutoshi Fujimura et al.     Trinucleotide repeat expansion disorders (TRED) are caused by genomic expansions of trinucleotide repeats, such as CTG and CAG. These expanded repeats are unstable in germline …             De novo Assembly and Characterization of the Testis Transcriptome and Development of EST-SSR Markers in the Cockroach Periplaneta americana ▶     Wan Chen, Yu-Xiang Liu, Guo-Fang Jiang     The cockroach Periplaneta americana is a notorious pest and threat to health worldwide, with a high reproductive ability. However, a limited amount of data is available on the …             Genetic variants in 3′-UTRs of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) predict colorectal cancer susceptibility in Koreans ▶     Young Joo Jeon, Jong Woo Kim, Hye Mi Park et al.     Polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) play important roles in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, recent studies have reported …             Enhanced renoprotective effect of HIF-1α modified human adipose-derived stem cells on cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in vivo ▶     Wei-Wei Wang, Ze-Zheng Li, Wei Wang et al.     Current therapeutic options for acute kidney injury (AKI) are limited to the use of supportive measures and dialysis. A recent approach that has sparked great interest and gained …             The Tie2-agonist Vasculotide rescues mice from influenza virus infection ▶     Michael G. Sugiyama, Susan M. Armstrong, Changsen Wang et al.     Seasonal influenza virus infections cause hundreds of thousands of deaths annually while viral mutation raises the threat of a novel pandemic strain. Antiviral drugs exhibit …             Pharmacological Chaperones and Coenzyme Q10 Treatment Improves Mutant β-Glucocerebrosidase Activity and Mitochondrial Function in Neuronopathic Forms of Gaucher Disease ▶     Mario de la Mata, David Cotán, Manuel Oropesa-Ávila et al.     Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase. Homozygosity for the L444P mutation in GBA1 is associated with high …             Infection of host plants by Cucumber mosaic virus increases the susceptibility of Myzus persicae aphids to the parasitoid Aphidius colemani ▶     Kerry E. Mauck, Consuelo M. De Moraes, Mark C. Mescher     Plant viruses can profoundly alter the phenotypes of their host plants, with potentially far-reaching implications for ecology. Yet few studies have explored the indirect, …             CdS quantum dots modified CuO inverse opal electrodes for ultrasensitive electrochemical and photoelectrochemical biosensor ▶     Lei Xia, Lin Xu, Jian Song et al.     The CuO inverse opal photonic crystals (IOPCs) were synthesized by the sol-gel method and modified with CdS quantum dots by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction …             A RP-UFLC Assay for Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases: Focus on Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 2 (PTPN2) ▶     Romain Duval, Linh-Chi Bui, Jérémy Berthelet et al.     Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are involved in numerous signaling pathways and dysfunctions of certain of these enzymes have been linked to several human diseases including …             Pattern formation in multiplex networks ▶     Nikos E. Kouvaris, Shigefumi Hata, Albert Díaz- Guilera     The advances in understanding complex networks have generated increasing interest in dynamical processes occurring on them. Pattern formation in activator-inhibitor systems has …             Expanding the chemical space for natural products by Aspergillus-Streptomyces co-cultivation and biotransformation ▶     Changsheng Wu, Boris Zacchetti, Arthur F.J. Ram et al.     Actinomycetes and filamentous fungi produce a wide range of bioactive compounds, with applications as antimicrobials, anticancer agents or agrochemicals. Their genomes contain a …             Chitosan/siCkip-1 biofunctionalized titanium implant for improved osseointegration in the osteoporotic condition ▶     Li Zhang, Kaimin Wu, Wen Song et al.     Biofunctionalization with siRNA targeting the key negative modulators of bone turnover involved in the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis, such as casein kinase-2 interacting …             Facilitated Tau Degradation by USP14 Aptamers via Enhanced Proteasome Activity ▶     Jung Hoon Lee, Seung Kyun Shin, Yanxialei Jiang et al.     The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the primary mechanism by which intracellular proteins, transcription factors, and many proteotoxic proteins with aggregation-prone …             Discovery and characterization of novel small-molecule inhibitors targeting nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase ▶     Tian-Ying Xu, Sai-Long Zhang, Guo-Qiang Dong et al.     Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is a promising anticancer target. Using high throughput screening system targeting NAMPT, we obtained a potent NAMPT inhibitor MS0 …             A new arylbenzofuran derivative functions as an anti-tumour agent by inducing DNA damage and inhibiting PARP activity ▶     Hongbo Chen, Xiaobin Zeng, Chunmei Gao et al.     We previously reported that 7-hydroxy-5, 4’-dimethoxy-2-arylbenzofuran (HDAB) purified from Livistona chinensis is a key active agent. The present study investigated the function …             Evolutionary food web model based on body masses gives realistic networks with permanent species turnover ▶     K. T. Allhoff, D. Ritterskamp, B. C. Rall et al.     The networks of predator-prey interactions in ecological systems are remarkably complex, but nevertheless surprisingly stable in terms of long term persistence of the system as a …             Meiosis completion and various sperm responses lead to unisexual and sexual reproduction modes in one clone of polyploid Carassius gibelio ▶     Jun Zhang, Min Sun, Li Zhou et al.     Unisexual polyploid vertebrates are commonly known to reproduce by gynogenesis, parthenogenesis, or hybridogenesis. One clone of polyploid Carassius gibelio has been revealed to …             TROL-FNR interaction reveals alternative pathways of electron partitioning in photosynthesis ▶     Lea Vojta, Dejana Carić, Vera Cesar et al.     In photosynthesis, final electron transfer from ferredoxin to NADP+ is accomplished by the flavo enzyme ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNR). FNR is recruited to thylakoid …             Surface Curvature Relation to Protein Adsorption for Carbon-based Nanomaterials ▶     Zonglin Gu, Zaixing Yang, Yu Chong et al.     The adsorption of proteins onto carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) is dictated by hydrophobic and π-π interactions between aliphatic and aromatic residues and the conjugated CBN …             Chemical mediation of coral larval settlement by crustose coralline algae ▶     J. Tebben, C. A Motti, Nahshon Siboni et al.     The majority of marine invertebrates produce dispersive larvae which, in order to complete their life cycles, must attach and metamorphose into benthic forms. This process, …             Crystal structure of TRIM20 C-terminal coiled-coil/B30.2 fragment: implications for the recognition of higher order oligomers ▶     Christopher Weinert, Damien Morger, Aleksandra Djekic et al.     Many tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins, comprising RING-finger, B-Box, and coiled-coil domains, carry additional B30.2 domains on the C-terminus of the TRIM motif and …             Transcriptional responses of invasive and indigenous whiteflies to different host plants reveal their disparate capacity of adaptation ▶     Hong-Xing Xu, Yue Hong, Min-Zhu Zhang et al.     The whitefly Bemisia tabaci contains more than 35 cryptic species. The higher adaptability of Middle East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) cryptic species has been recognized as one …             TonEBP suppresses adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity by blocking epigenetic transition of PPARγ2 ▶     Jun Ho Lee, Hwan Hee Lee, Byeong Jin Ye et al.     TonEBP is a key transcription factor in cellular adaptation to hypertonic stress, and also in macrophage activation. Since TonEBP is involved in inflammatory diseases such as …             GRK3 suppresses L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat model of Parkinson’s disease via its RGS homology domain ▶     Mohamed R. Ahmed, Evgeny Bychkov, Lingyong Li et al.     Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons causes Parkinson’s disease. Dopamine replacement therapy with L-DOPA is the best available treatment. However, patients develop …             Adaptive Spontaneous Transitions between Two Mechanisms of Numerical Averaging ▶     Noam Brezis, Zohar Z. Bronfman, Marius Usher     We investigated the mechanism with which humans estimate numerical averages. Participants were presented with 4, 8 or 16 (two-digit) numbers, serially and rapidly (2 …             SUMOylation of xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein regulates DNA damage recognition during nucleotide excision repair ▶     Masaki Akita, Yon-Soo Tak, Tsutomu Shimura et al.     The xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) protein complex is a key factor that detects DNA damage and initiates nucleotide excision repair (NER) in mammalian cells. Although …             Non-contact intracellular binding of chloroplasts in vivo ▶     Yuchao Li, Hongbao Xin, Xiaoshuai Liu et al.     Non-contact intracellular binding and controllable manipulation of chloroplasts in vivo was demonstrated using an optical fiber probe. Launching a 980-nm laser beam into a fiber, …             Bicarbonate transporters in corals point towards a key step in the evolution of cnidarian calcification ▶     Didier Zoccola, Philippe Ganot, Anthony Bertucci et al.     The bicarbonate ion (HCO3−) is involved in two major physiological processes in corals, biomineralization and photosynthesis, yet no molecular data on bicarbonate transporters …             Flux balance analysis predicts essential genes in clear cell renal cell carcinoma metabolism ▶     Francesco Gatto, Heike Miess, Almut Schulze et al.     Flux balance analysis is the only modelling approach that is capable of producing genome-wide predictions of gene essentiality that may aid to unveil metabolic liabilities in …             Exploring RNA polymerase regulation by NMR spectroscopy ▶     Johanna Drögemüller, Martin Strauß, Kristian Schweimer et al.     RNA synthesis is a central process in all organisms, with RNA polymerase (RNAP) as the key enzyme. Multisubunit RNAPs are evolutionary related and are tightly regulated by a …             Induction chemotherapy with concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck: a meta-analysis ▶     Lijuan Zhang, Nan Jiang, Yuexian Shi et al.     Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) has been considered to be the standard of care for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (LA-SCCHN). Whether induction …             Transmissible microbial and metabolomic remodeling by soluble dietary fiber improves metabolic homeostasis ▶     Baokun He, Kazunari Nohara, Nadim J. Ajami et al.     Dietary fibers are increasingly appreciated as beneficial nutritional components. However, a requisite role of gut microbiota in fiber function and the overall impact of fibers …             Allocation Costs Associated with Induced Defense in Phaeocystis globosa (Prymnesiophyceae): the Effects of Nutrient Availability ▶     Xiaodong Wang, Yan Wang, Linjian Ou et al.     Colony enlargement in Phaeocystis globosa has been considered as an induced defense strategy that reduces its susceptibility to grazers, but allocation costs inflicted by this …             Pathway-based gene signatures predicting clinical outcome of lung adenocarcinoma ▶     Ya-Hsuan Chang, Chung-Ming Chen, Hsuan-Yu Chen et al.     Lung adenocarcinoma is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Patients with different clinical outcomes may have similar clinico-pathological characteristics. …             Stable Odor Recognition by a neuro-adaptive Electronic Nose ▶     Eugenio Martinelli, Gabriele Magna, Davide Polese et al.     Sensitivity, selectivity and stability are decisive properties of sensors. In chemical gas sensors odor recognition can be severely compromised by poor signal stability, …             A Biologically Inspired Network Design Model ▶     Xiaoge Zhang, Andrew Adamatzky, Felix T.S. Chan et al.     A network design problem is to select a subset of links in a transport network that satisfy passengers or cargo transportation demands while minimizing the overall costs of the …             Understanding the association of Escherichia coli with diverse macroalgae in the lagoon of Venice ▶     Grazia M. Quero, Luca Fasolato, Carla Vignaroli et al.     Recent studies provided evidence that the macroalga Cladopohora in lakes hosts associated Escherichia coli, with consequences on the environmental and human health. We expanded …             A rapid, efficient, and facile solution for dental hypersensitivity: The tannin–iron complex ▶     Dongyeop X. Oh, Ekavianty Prajatelistia, Sung-Won Ju et al.     Dental hypersensitivity due to exposure of dentinal tubules under the enamel layer to saliva is a very popular and highly elusive technology priority in dentistry. Blocking water …             Residual force depression in single sarcomeres is abolished by MgADP-induced activation ▶     Neal Trecarten, Fabio C. Minozzo, Felipe S. Leite et al.     The mechanisms behind the shortening-induced force depression commonly observed in skeletal muscles remain unclear, but have been associated with sarcomere length non-uniformity …             Pupal melanization is associated with higher fitness in Spodoptera exigua ▶     Sisi Liu, Mo Wang, Xianchun Li     Melanism has long been thought to be a habitat adaptation with a fitness cost. Here we reported a homozygous melanic strain (SEM) of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Insecta: …             Trans-generational responses to low pH depend on parental gender in a calcifying tubeworm ▶     Ackley Lane, Camilla Campanati, Sam Dupont et al.     The uptake of anthropogenic CO2 emissions by oceans has started decreasing pH and carbonate ion concentrations of seawater, a process called ocean acidification (OA). Occurring …             Gene Perturbation Atlas (GPA): a single-gene perturbation repository for characterizing functional mechanisms of coding and non-coding genes ▶     Yun Xiao, Yonghui Gong, Yanling Lv et al.     Genome-wide transcriptome profiling after gene perturbation is a powerful means of elucidating gene functional mechanisms in diverse contexts. The comprehensive collection and …             Melanophilin Stimulates Myosin-5a Motor Function by Allosterically Inhibiting the Interaction between the Head and Tail of Myosin-5a ▶     Lin-Lin Yao, Qing-Juan Cao, Hai-Man Zhang et al.     The tail-inhibition model is generally accepted for the regulation of myosin-5a motor function. Inhibited myosin-5a is in a folded conformation in which its globular tail domain …             Aptamer-based Sandwich Assay and its Clinical Outlooks for Detecting Lipocalin-2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) ▶     Kyeong-Ah Lee, Ji-Young Ahn, Sang-Hee Lee et al.     We validated a single-stranded, DNA aptamer-based, diagnostic method capable of detecting Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), a biomarker from clinically relevant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) …             A repeat unit of Vibrio diarrheal T3S effector subverts cytoskeletal actin homeostasis via binding to interstrand region of actin filaments ▶     Mitsuhiro Nishimura, Takashi Fujii, Hirotaka Hiyoshi et al.     A novel bacterial type III secretion effector, VopV, from the enteric pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus has been identified as a key factor in pathogenicity due to its interaction …             A New Approach to Reduce Toxicities and to Improve Bioavailabilities of Platinum-Containing Anti-Cancer Nanodrugs ▶     Li Liu, Qing Ye, Maggie Lu et al.     Platinum (Pt) drugs are the most potent and commonly used anti-cancer chemotherapeutics. Nanoformulation of Pt drugs has the potential to improve the delivery to tumors and …             Inherent noise appears as a Lévy walk in fish schools ▶     Hisashi Murakami, Takayuki Niizato, Takenori Tomaru et al.     Recent experimental and observational data have revealed that the internal structures of collective animal groups are not fixed in time. Rather, individuals can produce noise …             Insecticide resistance in the bed bug comes with a cost ▶     Jennifer R. Gordon, Michael F. Potter, Kenneth F. Haynes     Adaptation to new environmental stress is often associated with an alteration of one or more life history parameters. Insecticide resistant populations of insects often have …             Genetically assembled fluorescent biosensor for in situ detection of bio-synthesized alkanes ▶     Wei Wu, Lei Zhang, Lun Yao et al.     Construction of highly efficient microbial cell factories producing drop-in biofuel alkanes is severely limited due to the lack of a fast detection method against alkanes. Here …             Biased random walk model for the prioritization of drug resistance associated proteins ▶     Hao Guo, Jiaqiang Dong, Sijun Hu et al.     Multi-drug resistance is the main cause of treatment failure in cancer patients. How to identify molecules underlying drug resistance from multi-omics data remains a great …             Plant tolerance to excess light energy and photooxidative damage relies on plastoquinone biosynthesis ▶     Brigitte Ksas, Noëlle Becuwe, Anne Chevalier et al.     Plastoquinone-9 is known as a photosynthetic electron carrier to which has also been attributed a role in the regulation of gene expression and enzyme activities via its redox …             Novel anti-thrombotic agent for modulation of protein disulfide isomerase family member ERp57 for prophylactic therapy ▶     Guozhen Cui, Luchen Shan, Lin Guo et al.     Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family members including PDI and ERp57 emerge as novel targets for anti-thrombotic treatments, but chemical agents with selectivity remain to be …             A Phytophthora sojae cytoplasmic effector mediates disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance in Nicotiana benthamiana ▶     Meixiang Zhang, Nasir Ahmed Rajput, Danyu Shen et al.     Each oomycete pathogen encodes a large number of effectors. Some effectors can be used in crop disease resistance breeding, such as to accelerate R gene cloning and utilisation. …             Low-glucose enhances keratocyte-characteristic phenotype from corneal stromal cells in serum-free conditions ▶     James W. Foster, Ricardo M. Gouveia, Che J. Connon     The avascular cornea is a uniquely-isolated organ, with its stroma constituting a nutrient-poor environment. Consequently, the availability of metabolites such as glucose to …             In silico identification of AMPylating enzymes and study of their divergent evolution ▶     Shradha Khater, Debasisa Mohanty     AMPylation is a novel post-translational modification (PTM) involving covalent attachment of an AMP moiety to threonine/tyrosine side chains of a protein. AMPylating enzymes …             Single-Molecule Imaging Reveals Dynamics of CREB Transcription Factor Bound to Its Target Sequence ▶     Noriyuki Sugo, Masatoshi Morimatsu, Yoshiyuki Arai et al.     Proper spatiotemporal gene expression is achieved by selective DNA binding of transcription factors in the genome. The most intriguing question is how dynamic interactions …             Efficacy comparison between cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation for patients with cavotricuspid valve isthmus dependent atrial flutter: a meta-analysis ▶     Yi-He Chen, Hui Lin, Cheng-Long Xie et al.     We perform this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of cryoablation versus radiofrequency ablation for patients with cavotricuspid valve isthmus dependent atrial …             A new mib allele with a chromosomal deletion covering foxc1a exhibits anterior somite specification defect ▶     Chia-Hao Hsu, Ji-Sheng Lin, Keng Po Lai et al.     mibnn2002, found from an allele screen, showed early segmentation defect and severe cell death phenotypes, which are different from previously known mib mutants. Despite distinct …             A sensitised RNAi screen reveals a ch-TOG genetic interaction network required for spindle assembly ▶     Alexis R. Barr, Chris Bakal     How multiple spindle assembly pathways are integrated to drive bipolar spindle assembly is poorly understood. We performed an image-based double RNAi screen to identify genes …             Surface Mn(II) oxidation actuated by a multicopper oxidase in a soil bacterium leads to the formation of manganese oxide minerals ▶     Zhen Zhang, Zhongming Zhang, Hong Chen et al.     In this manuscript, we report that a bacterial multicopper oxidase (MCO266) catalyzes Mn(II) oxidation on the cell surface, resulting in the surface deposition of Mn(III) and …             Illumina Synthetic Long Read Sequencing Allows Recovery of Missing Sequences even in the “Finished” C. elegans Genome ▶     Runsheng Li, Chia-Ling Hsieh, Amanda Young et al.     Most next-generation sequencing platforms permit acquisition of high-throughput DNA sequences, but the relatively short read length limits their use in genome assembly or …             Correct folding of an α-helix and a β-hairpin using a polarized 2D torsional potential ▶     Ya Gao, Yongxiu Li, Lirong Mou et al.     A new modification to the AMBER force field that incorporates the coupled two-dimensional main chain torsion energy has been evaluated for the balanced representation of …             CRISPR/Cas9-mediated reporter knock-in in mouse haploid embryonic stem cells ▶     Yasuyoshi Kimura, Masaaki Oda, Tsunetoshi Nakatani et al.     Mouse parthenogenetic haploid embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent cells generated from chemically activated oocytes. Haploid ESCs provide an opportunity to study the …             Active macropinocytosis induction by stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptor and oncogenic Ras expression potentiates cellular uptake efficacy of exosomes ▶     Ikuhiko Nakase, Nahoko Bailey Kobayashi, Tomoka Takatani-Nakase et al.     Exosomes are approximately 100-nm vesicles that consist of a lipid bilayer of cellular membranes secreted in large quantities from various types of normal and disease-related …             Crystal structure of caspase recruiting domain (CARD) of apoptosis repressor with CARD (ARC) and its implication in inhibition of apoptosis ▶     Tae-ho Jang, Seong Hyun Kim, Jae-Hee Jeong et al.     Apoptosis repressor with caspase recruiting domain (ARC) is a multifunctional inhibitor of apoptosis that is unusually over-expressed or activated in various cancers and in the …             Opioid Exacerbation of Gram-positive sepsis, induced by Gut Microbial Modulation, is Rescued by IL-17A Neutralization ▶     Jingjing Meng, Santanu Banerjee, Dan Li et al.     Sepsis is the predominant cause of mortality in ICUs, and opioids are the preferred analgesic in this setting. However, the role of opioids in sepsis progression has not been …             Genome-Wide Association Studies of HIV-1 Host Control in Ethnically Diverse Chinese Populations ▶     Zejun Wei, Yang Liu, Heng Xu et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed several genetic loci associated with HIV-1 outcome following infection (e.g., HLA-C at 6p21.33) in multi-ethnic populations …             Molecular and structural analysis of Legionella DotI gives insights into an inner membrane complex essential for type IV secretion ▶     Takuya Kuroda, Tomoko Kubori, Xuan Thanh Bui et al.     The human pathogen Legionella pneumophila delivers a large array of the effector proteins into host cells using the Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system. Among the proteins …             Extracellular Matrix can Recover the Downregulation of Adhesion Molecules after Cell Detachment and Enhance Endothelial Cell Engraftment ▶     Ningning He, Yang Xu, Wei Du et al.     The low cell engraftment after transplantation limits the successful application of stem cell therapy and the exact pathway leading to acute donor cell death following …             CD38-mediated Ca2+ signaling contributes to glucagon-induced hepatic gluconeogenesis ▶     So-Young Rah, Uh-Hyun Kim     CD38 is a multifunctional enzyme for the synthesis of Ca2+ second messengers. Glucagon promotes hepatic glucose production through Ca2+ signaling in the fasting condition. In …             KA1-targeted regulatory domain mutations activate Chk1 in the absence of DNA damage ▶     Eun-Yeung Gong, Veronique A. J. Smits, Felipe Fumagallo et al.     The Chk1 protein kinase is activated in response to DNA damage through ATR-mediated phosphorylation at multiple serine-glutamine (SQ) residues within the C-terminal regulatory …             Whole genome methylation array reveals the down-regulation of IGFBP6 and SATB2 by HIV-1 ▶     Yinfeng Zhang, Sai-Kam Li, Kevin Yi Yang et al.     Nowadays, the knowledge in DNA methylation-mediated gene regulation has shed light on the understanding of virus-host interplay in the context of genome alteration. It has also …             Association of mtDNA M/N haplogroups with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study of Han Chinese women ▶     Youzhou Tang, Li Wang, Min Zhu et al.     To investigate whether mitochondrial DNA haplogroups M or N are related to occurrence or manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we collected M/N haplogrouping and …             Relative contribution of maize and external manure amendment to soil carbon sequestration in a long-term intensive maize cropping system ▶     Wenju Zhang, Kailou Liu, Jinzhou Wang et al.     We aimed to quantify the relative contributions of plant residue and organic manure to soil carbon sequestration. Using a 27-year-long inorganic fertilizer and manure amendment …             Novel Handheld Magnetometer Probe Based on Magnetic Tunnelling Junction Sensors for Intraoperative Sentinel Lymph Node Identification ▶     A. Cousins, G. L. Balalis, S. K. Thompson et al.     Using magnetic tunnelling junction sensors, a novel magnetometer probe for the identification of the sentinel lymph node using magnetic tracers was developed. Probe performance …             A cross comparison of technologies for the detection of microRNAs in clinical FFPE samples of hepatoblastoma patients ▶     Aniruddha Chatterjee, Anna L Leichter, Vicky Fan et al.     Although formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue is a major biological source in cancer research, it is challenging to work with due to macromolecular fragmentation and …             Characterizations of individual mouse red blood cells parasitized by Babesia microti using 3-D holographic microscopy ▶     HyunJoo Park, Sung-Hee Hong, Kyoohyun Kim et al.     Babesia microti causes “emergency” human babesiosis. However, little is known about the alterations in B. microti invaded red blood cells (Bm-RBCs) at the individual cell level. …             Regulation of growth hormone secretion by (pro)renin receptor ▶     Yuji Tani, Shozo Yamada, Naoko Inoshita et al.     (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) has a single transmembrane domain that co-purifies with the vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase). In addition to its role in cellular acidification, V-ATPase …             A novel brain partition highlights the modular skeleton shared by structure and function ▶     Ibai Diez, Paolo Bonifazi, Iñaki Escudero et al.     Elucidating the intricate relationship between brain structure and function, both in healthy and pathological conditions, is a key challenge for modern neuroscience. Recent …             Identifying enhanced cortico-basal ganglia loops associated with prolonged dance training ▶     Gujing Li, Hui He, Mengting Huang et al.     Studies have revealed that prolonged, specialized training combined with higher cognitive conditioning induces enhanced brain alternation. In particular, dancers with long-term …             B cells Using Calcium Signaling for Specific and Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ▶     Ling Wang, Ronghui Wang, Byung-Whi Kong et al.     A rapid and sensitive detection technology is highly desirable for specific detection of E. coli O157:H7, one of the leading bacterial pathogens causing foodborne illness. In …             A Novel Characterization of Amalgamated Networks in Natural Systems ▶     Victor J. Barranca, Douglas Zhou, David Cai     Densely-connected networks are prominent among natural systems, exhibiting structural characteristics often optimized for biological function. To reveal such features in …             Effect of dilution of stool soluble component on growth and development of Strongyloides stercoralis ▶     Witthaya Anamnart, Pewpan Maleewong Intapan, Attarat Pattanawongsa et al.     Dispersion or dilution of stool by water from heavy rainfall may affect Strongyloides stercoralis free-living development producing infective filariform larvae (FL). This study …             MTHFR C677T polymorphism interaction with heavy alcohol consumption increases head and neck carcinoma risk ▶     Xianlu Zhuo, Jue Song, Dairong Li et al.     MTHFR C677T polymorphism has been indicated to be a risk factor for cancers, but its association with head and neck cancer (HNC) risk remains inconclusive. In the present study, …             Nutrition regulation of male accessory gland growth and maturation in Tribolium castaneum ▶     Jingjing xu, Ashlee L Anciro, Subba Reddy Palli     Insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway is known to control growth, development and reproduction. Insulin-like peptide mediated body size plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster has …             Comparative study reveals better far-red fluorescent protein for whole body imaging ▶     K.E. Luker, P. Pata, I.I. Shemiakina et al.     Genetically encoded far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins enable efficient imaging in studies of tumorigenesis, embryogenesis, and inflammation in model animals. Here we …             Fatal H5N6 Avian Influenza Virus Infection in a Domestic Cat and Wild Birds in China ▶     Zhijun Yu, Xiaolong Gao, Tiecheng Wang et al.     H5N6 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) may pose a potential human risk as suggested by the first documented naturally-acquired human H5N6 virus infection in 2014. Here, we report …             Somatic expression of unc-54 and vha-6 mRNAs declines but not pan-neuronal rgef-1 and unc-119 expression in aging Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Frauke Adamla, Zoya Ignatova     Aging is a highly controlled biological process characterized by a progressive deterioration of various cellular activities. One of several hallmarks of aging describes a link to …             Pannexin1 channels dominate ATP release in the cochlea ensuring endocochlear potential and auditory receptor potential generation and hearing ▶     Jin Chen, Yan Zhu, Chun Liang et al.     Pannexin1 (Panx1) is a gap junction gene in vertebrates whose proteins mainly function as non-junctional channels on the cell surface. Panx1 channels can release ATP under …             GPS tracking for mapping seabird mortality induced by light pollution ▶     Airam Rodríguez, Beneharo Rodríguez, Juan J. Negro     Light pollution and its consequences on ecosystems are increasing worldwide. Knowledge on the threshold levels of light pollution at which significant ecological impacts emerge …             Primary Macrophage Chemotaxis Induced by Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonists Occurs Independently of the CB2 Receptor ▶     Lewis Taylor, Ivy Christou, Theodore S. Kapellos et al.     Activation of CB2 has been demonstrated to induce directed immune cell migration. However, the ability of CB2 to act as a chemoattractant receptor in macrophages remains largely …             TFH cells accumulate in mucosal tissues of humanized-DRAG mice and are highly permissive to HIV-1 ▶     Atef Allam, Sai Majji, Kristina Peachman et al.     CD4+ T follicular helper cells (TFH) in germinal centers are required for maturation of B-cells. While the role of TFH-cells has been studied in blood and lymph nodes of HIV-1 …             Identification, Phylogeny, and Transcript of Chitinase Family Genes in Sugarcane ▶     Yachun Su, Liping Xu, Shanshan Wang et al.     Chitinases are pathogensis-related proteins, which play an important role in plant defense mechanisms. The role of the sugarcane chitinase family genes remains unclear due to the …             Detecting the influence of rare stressors on rare species in Yosemite National Park using a novel stratified permutation test ▶     J. R. Matchett, Philip B. Stark, Steven M. Ostoja et al.     Statistical models often use observational data to predict phenomena; however, interpreting model terms to understand their influence can be problematic. This issue poses a …             Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator Resulting from Endometrial Carcinogenesis Enhances Tumor Invasion and Correlates with Poor Outcome of Endometrial Carcinoma Patients ▶     Chia-Yen Huang, Ming-Cheng Chang, Wei-Yun Huang et al.     The purpose of this study was to identify the dysregulated genes involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC), and their …             Decoupling the role of stiffness from other hydroxyapatite signalling cues in periosteal derived stem cell differentiation ▶     Giorgio Mattei, Concetta Ferretti, Annalisa Tirella et al.     Bone extracellular matrix (ECM) is a natural composite made of collagen and mineral hydroxyapatite (HA). Dynamic cell-ECM interactions play a critical role in regulating cell …             Regulation of transcription factors on sexual dimorphism of fig wasps ▶     Bao-Fa Sun, Yong-Xing Li, Ling-Yi Jia et al.     Fig wasps exhibit extreme intraspecific morphological divergence in the wings, compound eyes, antennae, body color, and size. Corresponding to this, behaviors and lifestyles …             Suppressing the Neurospora crassa circadian clock while maintaining light responsiveness in continuous stirred tank reactors ▶     Allison L. Cockrell, Russell K. Pirlo, David M. Babson et al.     Neurospora crassa has been utilized as a model organism for studying biological, regulatory, and circadian rhythms for over 50 years. These circadian cycles are driven at the …             The role of basic residues in the adsorption of blood proteins onto the graphene surface ▶     Zonglin Gu, Zaixing Yang, Lingle Wang et al.     With its many unique properties, graphene has shown great potential in various biomedical applications, while its biocompatibility has also attracted growing concerns. Previous …             A comparative analysis of high-throughput platforms for validation of a circulating microRNA signature in diabetic retinopathy ▶     Ryan J. Farr, Andrzej S. Januszewski, Mugdha V. Joglekar et al.     MicroRNAs are now increasingly recognized as biomarkers of disease progression. Several quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) platforms have been developed to determine the relative …             CRISPR/Cas9 cleavage of viral DNA efficiently suppresses hepatitis B virus ▶     Vyas Ramanan, Amir Shlomai, David B.T. Cox et al.     Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is prevalent, deadly, and seldom cured due to the persistence of viral episomal DNA (cccDNA) in infected cells. Newly developed genome …             Probing the Effect of Two Heterozygous Mutations in Codon 723 of SLC26A4 on Deafness Phenotype Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations ▶     Jun Yao, Xuli Qian, Jingxiao Bao et al.     A Chinese family was identified with clinical features of enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome (EVAS). The mutational analysis showed that the proband (III-2) had EVAS with …             A core-shell-shell nanoplatform upconverting near-infrared light at 808 nm for luminescence imaging and photodynamic therapy of cancer ▶     Fujin Ai, Qiang Ju, Xiaoman Zhang et al.     Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been extensively explored for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and imaging due to their representative large anti-Stokes shifts, deep …             Tumor-specific Th2 responses inhibit growth of CT26 colon-cancer cells in mice via converting intratumor regulatory T cells to Th9 cells ▶     Jiang-Qi Liu, Xing-Yong Li, Hai-Qiong Yu et al.     The abnormality of immune regulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer; the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood yet. This study aims to …             Age-dependent variation in cytokines, chemokines, and biologic analytes rinsed from the surface of healthy human skin ▶     Patrick M. Kinn, Grant O. Holdren, Brittney A. Westermeyer et al.     In the skin, aging is associated with overall epidermal thinning, decreased barrier function, and gradual deterioration of the epidermal immune response. However, the presence …             Local proliferation is the main source of rod microglia after optic nerve transection ▶     Ti-Fei Yuan, Yu-Xiang Liang, Bo Peng et al.     Microglia are the resident phagocytic cells with various functions in the central nervous system, and the morphologies of microglia imply the different stages and functions. In …             Subcellular Localization of the Sigma-1 Receptor in Retinal Neurons — an Electron Microscopy Study ▶     Timur A. Mavlyutov, Miles Epstein, Lian-Wang Guo     The Sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is known to play a protective role in the central nervous system including the retina. A major barrier for understanding the underlying mechanism is an …             A Novel Direct Factor Xa Inhibitory Peptide with Anti-Platelet Aggregation Activity from Agkistrodon acutus Venom Hydrolysates ▶     Meimei Chen, Xiaohui Ye, Xin Ming et al.     Snake venom is a natural substance that contains numerous bioactive proteins and peptides, nearly all of which have been identified over the last several decades. In this study, …             Well-temperate phage: optimal bet-hedging against local environmental collapses ▶     Sergei Maslov, Kim Sneppen     Upon infection of their bacterial hosts temperate phages must chose between lysogenic and lytic developmental strategies. Here we apply the game-theoretic bet-hedging strategy …             The protective effect of lactoferrin on ventral mesencephalon neurons against MPP+ is not connected with its iron binding ability ▶     Jun Wang, Mingxia Bi, Huiying Liu et al.     Lactoferrin (Lf) can bind to lactoferrin receptor (LfR), leading to iron transport through the plasma membrane. Besides iron transportation, Lf also has antioxidant and …             Bounded rationality alters the dynamics of paediatric immunization acceptance ▶     Tamer Oraby, Chris T. Bauch     Interactions between disease dynamics and vaccinating behavior have been explored in many coupled behavior-disease models. Cognitive effects such as risk perception, framing, and …             Genetically Engineered Ascorbic acid-deficient Live Mutants of Leishmania donovani induce long lasting Protective Immunity against Visceral Leishmaniasis ▶     Sneha Anand, Rentala Madhubala     Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani is the most severe systemic form of the disease. 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